From Numbers to Words: Multi-Modal Bankruptcy Prediction Using the ECL Dataset

Henri Arno, Klaas Mulier, Joke Baeck, Thomas Demeester


Abstract
In this paper, we present ECL, a novel multimodal dataset containing the textual and numerical data from corporate 10K filings and associated binary bankruptcy labels. Furthermore, we develop and critically evaluate several classical and neural bankruptcy prediction models using this dataset. Our findings suggest that the information contained in each data modality is complementary for bankruptcy prediction. We also see that the binary bankruptcy prediction target does not enable our models to distinguish next year bankruptcy from an unhealthy financial situation resulting in bankruptcy in later years. Finally, we explore the use of LLMs in the context of our task. We show how GPT-based models can be used to extract meaningful summaries from the textual data but zero-shot bankruptcy prediction results are poor. All resources required to access and update the dataset or replicate our experiments are available on github.com/henriarnoUG/ECL.
Anthology ID:
2023.finnlp-2.2
Volume:
Proceedings of the Sixth Workshop on Financial Technology and Natural Language Processing
Month:
November
Year:
2023
Address:
Bali, Indonesia
Editors:
Chung-Chi Chen, Hen-Hsen Huang, Hiroya Takamura, Hsin-Hsi Chen, Hiroki Sakaji, Kiyoshi Izumi
Venues:
FinNLP | WS
SIG:
Publisher:
Association for Computational Linguistics
Note:
Pages:
11–21
Language:
URL:
https://aclanthology.org/2023.finnlp-2.2
DOI:
10.18653/v1/2023.finnlp-2.2
Bibkey:
Cite (ACL):
Henri Arno, Klaas Mulier, Joke Baeck, and Thomas Demeester. 2023. From Numbers to Words: Multi-Modal Bankruptcy Prediction Using the ECL Dataset. In Proceedings of the Sixth Workshop on Financial Technology and Natural Language Processing, pages 11–21, Bali, Indonesia. Association for Computational Linguistics.
Cite (Informal):
From Numbers to Words: Multi-Modal Bankruptcy Prediction Using the ECL Dataset (Arno et al., FinNLP-WS 2023)
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PDF:
https://aclanthology.org/2023.finnlp-2.2.pdf