Jiaqing Liu


2023

pdf bib
Improving Long Document Topic Segmentation Models With Enhanced Coherence Modeling
Hai Yu | Chong Deng | Qinglin Zhang | Jiaqing Liu | Qian Chen | Wen Wang
Proceedings of the 2023 Conference on Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing

Topic segmentation is critical for obtaining structured documents and improving down- stream tasks such as information retrieval. Due to its ability of automatically exploring clues of topic shift from abundant labeled data, recent supervised neural models have greatly promoted the development of long document topic segmentation, but leaving the deeper relationship between coherence and topic segmentation underexplored. Therefore, this paper enhances the ability of supervised models to capture coherence from both logical structure and semantic similarity perspectives to further improve the topic segmentation performance, proposing Topic-aware Sentence Structure Prediction (TSSP) and Contrastive Semantic Similarity Learning (CSSL). Specifically, the TSSP task is proposed to force the model to comprehend structural information by learning the original relations between adjacent sentences in a disarrayed document, which is constructed by jointly disrupting the original document at topic and sentence levels. Moreover, we utilize inter- and intra-topic information to construct contrastive samples and design the CSSL objective to ensure that the sentences representations in the same topic have higher similarity, while those in different topics are less similar. Extensive experiments show that the Longformer with our approach significantly outperforms old state-of-the-art (SOTA) methods. Our approach improve F1 of old SOTA by 3.42 (73.74 77.16) and reduces Pk by 1.11 points (15.0 13.89) on WIKI-727K and achieves an average relative reduction of 4.3% on Pk on WikiSection. The average relative Pk drop of 8.38% on two out-of-domain datasets also demonstrates the robustness of our approach.

pdf bib
Ditto: A Simple and Efficient Approach to Improve Sentence Embeddings
Qian Chen | Wen Wang | Qinglin Zhang | Siqi Zheng | Chong Deng | Hai Yu | Jiaqing Liu | Yukun Ma | Chong Zhang
Proceedings of the 2023 Conference on Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing

Prior studies diagnose the anisotropy problem in sentence representations from pre-trained language models, e.g., BERT, without fine-tuning. Our analysis reveals that the sentence embeddings from BERT suffer from a bias towards uninformative words, limiting the performance in semantic textual similarity (STS) tasks. To address this bias, we propose a simple and efficient unsupervised approach, Diagonal Attention Pooling (Ditto), which weights words with model-based importance estimations and computes the weighted average of word representations from pre-trained models as sentence embeddings. Ditto can be easily applied to any pre-trained language model as a postprocessing operation. Compared to prior sentence embedding approaches, Ditto does not add parameters nor requires any learning. Empirical evaluations demonstrate that our proposed Ditto can alleviate the anisotropy problem and improve various pre-trained models on the STS benchmarks.